Monumen
Jogja Kembali
(MONJALI)
The
Track of Six Hours Occurrence in Yogyakarta
The
sound of serene signaling break time sounded from the Dutch defense post.
Lieutenant Colonel Suharto as Commander of Brigade 10 of Wehrkreise III area
attacked to the Dutch defense post after getting an agreement from Sri Sultan
Hamengku Buwono IX as initiator of the attack.
The Dutch troop that since the
Dutch Military Aggression II in December 1948 was distributed to small posts
was separated and weakened. During six hours, Indonesian National Army
secceeded in occupying Yogyakarta, after hitting the Dutch troop. Right at
12.00 in the afternoon, as it was planned, all Indonesian army drew back from
the city center when the Dutch support came, total loose at the Dutch side.
This
battle known as Serangan Umum 1 Maret was initial authentication to the
international world that Indonesia Nationa Army still had power to fight and to
state that the Republic of Indonesia still existed. This was triggered by the
capture and the exile of Bung Karno and Bung Hatta to Sumatra setting
propaganda that the Republic of Indonesia had not existed.
The
news about the six hours attacks was sent to Wonosari, continued to Bukit
Tinggi, then Burma, New Delhi (India), and finally in the main office of the UN
in New York. With this news, the United Nations that considered Indonesia to
have been independent compelled the execution of KTN ( Komisi Tiga
Negara/Commission of Three Nations ). The meeting held in Des Indes Hotel
Jakarta on 14 April 1949, where Indonesia was represented by Moh. Roem and
representatives of Netherlands led by Van Royen, resulted in an agreement
signed on 7 May 1949. This agreement was later called Roem Royen Statement. In
this agreement Netherlands was compelled to withdraw its troop from Indonesia,
and to return President and the Vice President, Sukarno – Hatta to Yogyakarta.
Finally on 27 December 1949. Netherlands officially handed over the sovereignty
of the Republic of Indonesia.
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